Harutaka was born as the eldest son of Oda Shigeharu, the twelfth head of the clan.

Harutaka’s younger brother, Oda Akiie, was dissatisfied with the succession by Harutaka to the headship of the clan.  In 1496, Akiie launched an internal rebellion and killed Harutaka.  Afterwards, Shigeharu appointed an adopted son, Oda Masaharu, to become the next head of the clan while Akiie was ousted and eliminated although the details are uncertain.