Chiba Tanetsura served as a bushō during the Sengoku period.  Tanetsura served as the lord of Haruke Castle in the Ogi District of Hizen Province.  He was the adoptive father of Nabeshima Naoshige.

Tanetsura was born as the son of Chiba Tanekatsu as a member of the Kyūshū-Chiba clan.  In 1541, upon orders of the Shōni clan, Tanetsura received Nabeshima Hikohōshimaru (later known as Naoshige).  In 1545, the Shōni murdered Ryūzōji Iesumi and most of the Ryūzōji family, reverting the adoption to a blank slate.  Before long, Tanetsura came into conflict with his younger brother-in-law, Chiba Taneyori, who always defended the Shōni.  In 1559, Tanetsura joined with Ryūzōji Takanobu to cause Taneyori and his older brother, Shōni Fuyuhisa (a daimyō) to kill themselves in Seifukiji Castle in Hizen.  Thereafter, Tanetsura continued to cooperate with Takanobu to secure the position of the Kyūshū-Chiba clan.

Later, he transferred his landholdings to his former adopted son, Nabeshima Naoshige, and retired.